00:00:00 - Beginning of Q&A
00:02:17 - **Q:** Do you think daily baby aspirin is beneficial for health? The new USPS recommendations suggest fewer people should be taking daily aspirin compared to previous guidelines. [1](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2791399), [2](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25360605/), [3](https://www.journalofcardiovascularct.com/article/S1934-5925(22)00001-6/fulltext)
00:05:33 - Daily aspirin use is associated with increased risk of heart failure. [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34808706/)
00:06:58 - A large randomized controlled trial found older adults taking daily aspirin were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced, metastatic cancers & more likely to die from cancer [1](https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article/113/3/258/5889955)
00:10:36 - Recap on omega-3 and COVID
00:12:56 - **Q:** Can you tell us your thoughts on Rapamycin? 
00:15:16 - Rapamycin increases lifespan in studies of yeast, nematodes, fruit flies, and mice. [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23454761/), [2](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2786175/)
00:16:20 - Rapamycin improved heart function in a small study of pet dogs. [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28374166/)
00:22:12 - **Q:** Is there a difference between Moderna vs Pfizer booster shots?
00:33:29 - **Q:** Could you talk about the effect of intermittent and prolonged fasting on testosterone?
00:34:18 - College wrestlers who fasted prior to their match saw a transient drop in their testosterone. [1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8212083/)
00:38:09 - **Q:** Dr. Greger's series on mammograms recommends it is not really helpful in saving women's lives by early detection of breast cancer. What are your thoughts on this? [1](https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/breast-cancer-screening)
00:42:39 - Modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. [1](https://www.breastcancerriskfactors.gov.au/modifiable-factors/), [2](https://www.cancer.org/healthy/cancer-causes/medical-treatments/menopausal-hormone-replacement-therapy-and-cancer-risk.html)
00:45:22 - **Q:** Could you please share your thoughts on estrogen hormone replacement for menopause? [1](https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/hormone-therapy-for-menopause), [2](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28093732/)
00:50:03 - Sources of spermidine
00:51:39 - **Q:** What does the research say about the best practices to promote optimal bone health?
00:52:20 - Protein exerts variable effects on a person's calcium balance. [1](https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/133/3/852S/4688026)
00:56:38 - **Q:** Are sauna blankets worth it?
01:00:42 - **Q:** What is the optimal vitamin K2 dose?
01:01:32 - **Q:** Any idea how much alcohol increases one's chances of getting Alzheimer's, all other things being equal?
01:06:09 - **Q:** Fish oil vs krill oil for a source of omega-3. 
01:08:38 - **Q:** With regular intermittent fasting, is there any evidence that metabolism will adjust down, due to the shorter eating window, as a way to reach homeostasis? 
01:09:58 - **Q:** Do you use any type of water filtration system in your home? Do you prefer any particular bottled water?
01:10:39 - **Q:** For activating Nrf2, how much Kuli Kuli Moringa powder would be roughly equivalent to a higher-end dose of sulforaphane?
01:11:02 - **Q:** How much broccoli sprouts would you recommend for Parkinson's prevention?
01:14:06 - **Q:** Could you talk about some of the foods you started introducing to your kids at young ages (under 1 year)?
01:15:11 - **Q:** What are your thoughts on urolithin A?