Cellular DNA is subject to tens of thousands of injuries each day that arise from both endogenous sources, such as free radicals produced during normal metabolism, and exogenous sources, such as cytotoxic drugs, ionizing radiation, and cigarette smoke, among others. DNA damage induces genomic instability, a hallmark of aging. Evidence from a 2020 study suggests that omega-3 fatty acids protect against DNA damage.
The study involved 140 healthy children and adolescents (aged 9 to 13 years). Researchers assessed the children’s body measurements and collected blood samples to measure nutritional status (particularly the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, retinol, beta-carotene, and riboflavin) and DNA damage.
They found that a higher intake of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA was associated with less DNA damage. These findings held true even after considering other factors that influence DNA integrity, such as the children’s age, sex, body mass index, and others. The authors posited that the DNA-protective effects of EPA and DHA may be related to their capacity to resolve inflammation, a consequence of DNA damage.
These findings suggest that omega-3s reduce DNA damage in children. [Learn more about omega-3s in our overview article.](LINK)
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